• One who makes equal; a balancer.
  
• A goal that equalizes the score.

• A device used to encode a signal either for cryptography or compression.

• A person who decodes secret messages
  
• A device that decodes a scrambled electronic signal e.g. of a satellite television signal or a sound formated file.

Audio normalization is the process of increasing (or decreasing) the amplitude of an entire audio signal so that the resulting peak amplitude matches a desired target. Typically, normalization increases the amplitude of the audio waveform to the maximum level that does not introduce any new distortion other than that of requantization.
Normalization is often used when remastering audio tapes for CD production[citation needed], in order to maximize the signal level while not changing the signal to noise ratio. It is often combined with dynamic range compression and hard limiting to increase the apparent volume of a CD. It is typically applied along with other audio and digital processing, such as dithering.
Normalization is commonly amongst the functions provided by a Digital audio workstation.

Replay Mp3 Gain works by first performing a psychoacoustic analysis scan of the entire audio file to measure the perceived loudness and peak levels. The difference between the loudness and the target loudness is calculated; this is the gain value. Typically, the gain value and the peak value are then stored in the audio file as metadata, allowing Replay Gain-compliant audio players to automatically attenuate (or in some cases amplify) the output so that such files will play back at similar loudness to one another. This avoids the common problem of having to manually adjust volume levels when playing audio files from different albums that have been mastered at different levels. With lossy files, another benefit of Replay Gain scanning is that the peak information can also be used to prevent loud songs from clipping.
Replay Gain implementations usually involve adding metadata to the audio without altering the original audio data. MP3 files usually use ID3v2 or APEv2 tags. CD players and other legacy audio players do not support Replay Gain metadata. Nevertheless, some lossy audio formats, such as MP3, are structured in a way that they encode the volume of each compressed frame in a stream, and tools such as MP3Gain take advantage of this to change the volume of all frames in a stream, in a reversible way, without adding noise.

• (music) The perceived frequency of a sound or note.
  The pitch of middle "C" is familiar to many musicians.
• (music) In an a cappella group, the singer responsible for singing a note for the other members to tune themselves by. Bob, our pitch, let out a clear middle "C" and our conductor gave the signal to start.

• (plural: tempos) a frequency or rate (chess, plural: tempos) a move which is part of one's own plan or strategy and forces, e.g. by means of a check or attacking a piece, the opponent to make a move which is not bad but of no use for him.
• (music, plural: tempi) The number of beats per minute in a piece of music; also, an indicative term denoting approximate rate of speed in written music (examples: allegro, andante)

Measuring tempo

The tempo of a piece will typically be written at the start of a piece of music, and in modern music is usually indicated in beats per minute (BPM). This means that a particular note value (for example, a quarter note or crotchet) is specified as the beat, and the marking indicates that a certain number of these beats must be played per minute. Beethoven was the first composer to use the metronome, and in 1817 he published metronomic indications for his (then) eight symphonies.
With the advent of modern electronics, BPM became an extremely precise measure. MIDI files and other types of sequencing software use the BPM system to denote tempo.
Tempo is as crucial in contemporary music as it is in classical. In electronic dance music, accurate knowledge of a tune's BPM is important to DJs for the purposes of beatmatching.

• A push from behind, as to one who is endeavoring to climb; help.

• A unit of three dimensional measure of space that comprises a length, a width and a height. It is measured in units of cubic centimeters in metric, cubic inches or cubic feet in English measurement. (The room is 9x12x8, so its volume is 864 cubic feet.)
• Strength of sound. Measured in decibels. (Please turn down the volume on the stereo.)
• A synonym for quantity. (The volume of ticket sales decreased this week.)